A septic system is an onsite wastewater treatment system that processes and purifies household waste (effluent). The effluent consists of black water (toilet wastes) and grey water (kitchen sink, bathtub, and laundry wastes).
There are two main components to the septic system, the septic tank and the drain field. Primary treatment occurs in the tank where bacteria digest organic matter in the waste water. Secondary treatment occurs in the drain field where bacteria complete the digestion and purification of the effluent as it slowly infiltrates the soil.
The septic tank is a watertight underground treatment tank constructed of concrete, plastic. It is approximately eight feet long, four feet wide, and five feet deep. The tank is used to retain, store, and treat solids, as well as release effluent to the drain field. The tank size is determined by the number of bedrooms in the dwelling.
As waste water flows into the tank, the heavy solids settle to the bottom and become a sludge layer; while fats, oils, and greases float to the top forming a layer of scum. A zone of clear liquid between the layers of scum and sludge is called a clarified zone.
All three layers have billions of bacteria that live naturally in the tank and perform the first phase of treatment to break down the solids in the tank. During the process of breaking down solids, gases are produced. These gases are vented from the septic tank through the plumbing vent on the rooftop.
Partially treated effluent flows from the septic tank to the drain field. The effluent is naturally purified as it percolates down through the soil.
In order for the effluent to properly purify, the distance between the drain field bottom and the water table should be greater than 4 feet. The state of Colorado requires a minimum of Four feet from the bottom of the drain field and Three feet for pressure dosing systems.
Decades of Experience: With more than three decades in the septic industry, we have the knowledge and expertise to handle any septic system, big or small. Our long history in the field ensures that we understand the intricacies of septic care better than anyone else in the valley.
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